Metal cutting is the process of removing material from a workpiece using a cutting tool. The cutting tool is usually a rotating tool, such as a drill or cutter, which is used to give the workpiece the desired shape or size.
The basic parameters of cutters include the following:
1. Cutting speed: this is the speed at which the cutting tool moves over the workpiece. It is usually measured in meters per minute (m/min) or feet per minute (ft/min).
2. Feed rate: This is the speed at which the cutting tool advances into the workpiece. It is usually measured in millimeters per revolution (mm/rev) or inches per revolution (inch/rev).
3. Depth of Cut: This is the depth of material that is removed with each pass of the cutting tool. It is usually measured in millimeters (mm) or inches (in).
4. Tool geometry: The geometry of the cutting tool, such as the shape of the cutting edge, the angle of the cutting edge, and the size of the tool, can have a significant effect on the cutting process.
5. Material properties: The material properties of the workpiece, such as its hardness, toughness and ductility, can also affect the cutting process.
6. Cutting fluids: Cutting fluids such as oils, coolants and lubricating fluids can be used to reduce heat generation and friction during the cutting process, thus improving tool life and surface finish quality.
In general, the choice of cutting parameters and cutters depends on the specific application and material being machined. A thorough understanding of these concepts and parameters is necessary to achieve optimal results in metal cutting machining.
But understanding the basic parameters is only half the step on the way to proficiency in milling. Here are a few tips for beginners in milling that will make the path to the profession much easier.
1. Understand the basics of milling: Before you begin CNC milling, it is important to have a good understanding of the basics of milling. This includes understanding the different types of milling machines, tools, and materials used.
2. Choose the right tooling: Choosing the right tooling for your milling project is critical to achieving the desired results. Make sure you choose the right type of cutter, end mill and drill for your project.
3. Pay attention to feeds and speeds: Feeds and speeds refer to the speed at which the tool moves over the material and the speed of the spindle. It is important to optimize these parameters for best results.
4. Use proper safety equipment: CNC milling can be dangerous if proper safety precautions are not taken. Always wear safety glasses, gloves, and ear protection when working on a milling machine.
5. Practice on scrap material: Before you start working on a project, it's a good idea to practice on scraps of material to get a feel for the machine's operation and test the various cutting parameters.
6. Keep your machine clean: Regular cleaning and maintenance of your routing machine is important to ensure its longevity and prevent damage to your manufactured parts.
7. Learn from Mistakes: Mistakes are inevitable in CNC milling, but they can also be valuable learning experiences. Pay attention to what went wrong and adjust your approach accordingly.
